As an example, consider a person riding a bicycle, with the individual acting like the engine. If that person tries to trip that bike up a steep hill in a gear that’s designed for low rpm, she or he will struggle as
they try to maintain their balance and achieve an rpm that will permit them to climb the hill. However, if they change the bike’s gears right into a speed that will produce a higher rpm, the rider will have
a much easier time of it. A constant force can be applied with clean rotation being supplied. The same logic applies for industrial applications that want lower speeds while maintaining necessary
torque.
• Inertia complementing. Today’s servo motors are generating more torque in accordance with frame size. That’s due to dense copper windings, light-weight materials, and high-energy magnets.
This creates greater inertial mismatches between servo motors and the loads they are trying to move. Using a gearhead to raised match the inertia of the engine to the inertia of the strain allows for utilizing a smaller motor and results in a far more responsive system that is easier to tune. Again, this is achieved through the gearhead’s ratio, where the reflected inertia of the load to the motor is decreased by 1/ratio2.
Recall that inertia may be the measure of an object’s level of resistance to improve in its movement and its own function of the object’s mass and 
shape. The greater an object’s inertia, the more torque is needed to accelerate or decelerate the object. This implies that when the strain inertia is much larger than the motor inertia, sometimes it could cause excessive overshoot or increase settling times. Both conditions can decrease production collection throughput.
On the other hand, when the engine inertia is larger than the strain inertia, the engine will require more power than is otherwise essential for the particular application. This increases costs since it requires spending more for a electric motor that’s larger than necessary, and since the increased power usage requires higher working costs. The solution is to use a gearhead to match the inertia of the electric motor to the inertia of the strain.
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